Tribunal d'instance de Nice, 12 septembre 2007, 07/126
Appeal Number: | 437/07D |
Court: | Tribunal d'instance de Nice |
Docket Number: | 07/126 |
Par exploit d'huissier en date du 11 janvier 2006 la société d'exercice libéral à forme anonyme Compagnie Fiduciaire Antiboise (ci-après désigné Compagnie Fiduciaire Antiboise) et Monsieur X... Thierry ont fait assigner Monsieur Y... Denis devant le juge de proximité d'ANTIBES en vue de sa condamnation au paiement à chacun des requérants de :
- la somme de 1525 € en réparation du préjudice subi du fait des imputations contenues dans la lettre de Monsieur Y... Denis en date du 16 octobre 2005, constituant des diffamations non publiques ;
- la somme de 800 € chacun au titre de l'article 700 du nouveau code de procédure civile, outre les dépens.
Le juge de proximité d'Antibes a, par mention au dossier, renvoyé l'affaire devant le tribunal d'instance d'ANTIBES.
Le tribunal d'instance d'ANTIBES a, par jugements en date des 23 février 2006, 13 avril 2006, premier juin 2006 renvoyé la procédure, puis, par jugement en date du 7 septembre 2006, a fait droit à la demande de délocalisation formulée par Monsieur Y... Denis, en application de l'article 47 du nouveau code de procédure civile et renvoyé la procédure devant le tribunal d'instance de NICE.
La procédure a été reçue au greffe du tribunal d'instance de NICE le 6 novembre 2006 et les parties ont été convoquées par le secrétariat-greffe le 17 janvier 2007, pour l'audience du premier février 2007.
La procédure a fait l'objet de renvois par jugements successifs du premier février 2007 et du 7 mars 2007.
A l'audience du 2 mai 2007, Monsieur X... Thierry et la Compagnie Fiduciaire Antiboise se sont référées à leurs écritures.
Monsieur Y... Denis s'est référé à ses écritures, sollicitant la nullité de l'assignation en raison de divers griefs, à savoir :
- le fait qu'elle ait été délivrée devant le juge de proximité au lieu du tribunal d'instance,
- le cumul des fondements juridiques, les demandeurs visant à la fois l'article 1382 du code civil et la loi de 1881, ce qui n'est pas possible,
- le fait que seule une partie des textes applicables est visée,
- le défaut de signification de l'assignation au ministère public, qui est partie jointe,
- le défaut d'élection de domicile,
- l'absence de précision, dans le dispositif de l'assignation des atteintes à l'honneur et à la considération,
Il soulève également la prescription de l'action, le tribunal d'instance d'Antibes ayant renvoyé la procédure plus de trois mois avant la nouvelle audience. Enfin, sur le fond, Monsieur Y... Denis fait valoir que le courrier n'a pas été diffusé et qu'il s'agit d'un simple courrier de mécontentement.
MOTIFS :
Sur les exceptions de nullité de l'assignation soulevées par Monsieur Y... Denis :
* Sur la nullité de l'assignation au motif que la juridiction désignée était la juridiction de proximité au lieu du tribunal d'instance :
Monsieur Y... Denis soulève la nullité de l'assignation au motif qu'elle a été délivrée pour comparaître devant le juge de proximité et non devant le tribunal d'instance.
Selon l'article R321-8 2o du code de l'organisation judiciaire, le tribunal d'instance connaît des actions civiles pour diffamation ou pour injures publiques ou non publiques, verbales ou écrites, autrement que par voie de la presse, et des actions civiles pour rixes et voies de fait, le tout lorsque les parties ne se sont pas pourvues par la voie répressive.
Il résulte de ce texte que le tribunal d'instance est donc compétent et non la juridiction de proximité. Cependant, la saisine erronée de la juridiction de proximité ne saurait entraîner la nullité de l'assignation, une telle nullité n'étant pas prévue par les...
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