Cour de cassation, civile, Chambre civile 1, 11 février 2015, 13-27.923, Publié au bulletin
Case Outcome: | Cassation |
Appeal Number: | 11500144 |
Citation: | Dans le même sens que : 1re Civ., 29 juin 2011, pourvoi n° 10-11.275, Bull. 2011, I, n° 124 (cassation partielle) |
Counsel: | SCP Boré et Salve de Bruneton, SCP Rocheteau et Uzan-Sarano |
Court: | Première Chambre Civile (Cour de Cassation de France) |
Docket Number: | 13-27923 |
ECLI: | ECLI:FR:CCASS:2015:C100144 |
Official gazette publication: | Bulletin 2015, I, n° 34 |
Presiding Judge: | Mme Batut |
Writing for the Court: | M. Savatier |
LA COUR DE CASSATION, PREMIÈRE CHAMBRE CIVILE, a rendu l'arrêt suivant :
Sur la première branche du moyen unique :
Vu l'article L. 321-17 du code rural et de la pêche maritime ;
Attendu qu'il résulte de ce texte que si l'exploitant peut, de son vivant, remplir le bénéficiaire d'un contrat de travail à salaire différé de ses droits de créance, notamment par une donation-partage, c'est à la condition que soit caractérisée la commune intention des parties de procéder à un tel paiement ;
Attendu, selon l'arrêt attaqué, que, par acte du 6 juillet 2000, René X... et son épouse ont donné la nue-propriété d'une maison d'habitation à leur fils M. Guy X... ; que, dans la succession de son père, décédé le 28 février 2010, celui-ci a réclamé une créance de salaire différé pour la période de 1977 à 1998, à laquelle se sont opposés ses frères, MM. Serge et Alain X... ;
Attendu que, pour rejeter cette demande, l'arrêt attaqué retient que la preuve d'une rémunération rendant sans objet la demande de salaire différé se trouve dans l'acte de donation du 6 juillet 2000 que les parents donateurs n'étaient pas tenus de motiver, de sorte que l'absence de mention de rémunération dans l'acte est indifférente ;
Attendu qu'en statuant par de tels motifs, desquels il ne résulte pas que la donation ait, dans la commune intention de l'exploitant donateur et de son fils, eu vocation à remplir M. Guy X... de ses droits de créance au titre du contrat de travail à salaire différé, la cour d'appel n'a pas donné de base légale à sa décision ;
PAR CES MOTIFS :
CASSE ET ANNULE, dans toutes ses dispositions, l'arrêt rendu le 15 octobre 2013, entre les parties, par la cour d'appel de Bordeaux ; remet, en conséquence, la cause et les parties dans l'état où elles se trouvaient avant ledit arrêt et, pour être fait droit, les renvoie devant la cour d'appel de Toulouse ;
Condamne MM. Serge et Alain X... aux dépens ;
Vu l'article 700 du code de procédure civile, rejette les demandes ;
Dit que sur les diligences du procureur général près la Cour de cassation, le présent arrêt sera transmis pour être transcrit en marge ou à la suite de l'arrêt cassé ;
Ainsi fait et jugé par la Cour de cassation, première chambre civile, et prononcé par le président en son audience publique du onze février deux mille quinze.
MOYEN ANNEXE au présent arrêt
Moyen produit par la SCP Boré et Salve de Bruneton, avocat aux Conseils, pour M. Guy X
IL EST FAIT GRIEF à l'arrêt infirmatif attaqué d'AVOIR débouté M. Guy X... de sa demande de salaire différé ;
AUX MOTIFS QUE « l'article L. 321-13 du code rural dispose que les descendants d'un exploitant agricole qui, âgés de plus de dix-huit ans, participent directement et effectivement à l'exploitation, sans être associés aux bénéfices ni aux pertes et qui ne reçoivent pas de salaire en argent en contrepartie de leur collaboration, sont réputés légalement bénéficiaires d'un contrat de travail à salaire différé sans que la prise en compte de ce salaire pour la détermination des parts successorales puisse donner lieu au paiement d'une soulte à la charge des cohéritiers ; que la charge de la preuve incombe à celui qui se prétend créancier ; que René X... partageait ses activités entre une exploitation agricole sur la commune de Ménesplet (24) et un hôtel-restaurant-bar "Las Davaladas", avec activité annexe de vente ambulante ; qu'il était également le taxi de la commune » ;
ET QUE, « sur l'analyse des pièces du...
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